Money

Habari ya Pesa! Let's Learn About Money!

Hello, young mathematician! Have you ever gone to the local duka (shop) to buy a mandazi or a sweet? What did you use to pay the shopkeeper? That's right, you used money! In Kenya, we call our money Shillings, or "Shilingi" in Swahili. Today, we are going on an exciting adventure to become money experts!

Image Suggestion: A vibrant and colourful cartoon-style illustration of a friendly Kenyan market scene. A child is happily buying fruits from a smiling vendor at a stall. The background shows other stalls and people, capturing the lively atmosphere of a local soko.

Meet Our Kenyan Shillings!

Our money comes in two forms: coins (the round, metal ones) and notes (the paper-like ones). Each one has a different value. Let's look at the ones we use most often.

• Coins (Sarafu): We have the 1 Shilling, 5 Shillings, 10 Shillings, and 20 Shillings coins. They are great for buying small things like sweets or an eraser.
• Notes (Noti): These are for bigger amounts! We have the 50, 100, 200, 500, and 1000 Shilling notes.

Can you picture them? Here is a little drawing to help you remember!

   A Coin (Sarafu)            A Note (Noti)
  +--------------+          +-------------------+
 /                \         |    KENYA          |
|      ( 10 )      |         |   _________       |
|     SHILINGI     |         |  |         |      |
 \                /         |  |  (50)   |      |
  +--------------+          |  |_________|      |
                            |   SHILINGI        |
                            +-------------------+

The Power of Pesa: Buying and Selling

Money is used for buying and selling. When you give money to a shopkeeper to get a loaf of bread, you are buying. When the shopkeeper takes your money and gives you the bread, they are selling.

A Quick Story:

Juma's mother sent him to the market to buy some things. She gave him a 100 Shilling note. He needed to buy:

• One bunch of Sukuma Wiki for Sh. 20
• Two tomatoes for Sh. 10

Juma is going to use his money to buy these items from the vendor. Let's see how he can calculate his total cost!

Shopping at the Duka - Adding Money

When you buy more than one item, you need to add their prices together to find the total cost. Let's help Juma find his total.

He needs to add the price of the Sukuma Wiki and the price of the tomatoes.

  Price of Sukuma Wiki:   20 Shillings
+ Price of tomatoes:      10 Shillings
------------------------------------
  Total Cost:             30 Shillings

So, Juma needs to pay the vendor a total of 30 Shillings. Easy, right? You just did some great shopping maths!

What is "Change"? Getting Your Money Back!

Sometimes, you might not have the exact amount of money. For example, Juma has a 100 Shilling note, but his total cost is only 30 Shillings. He will give the vendor the 100 Shilling note.

The vendor will keep the 30 Shillings and give the rest of the money back to Juma. This money that you get back is called change. To find the change, we subtract!

Image Suggestion: A close-up, friendly photograph of a child's hand receiving Kenyan shilling coins and a note as change from an adult's hand over a shop counter. The background is slightly blurred, focusing on the exchange of money.

Let's calculate Juma's change:

  Money Juma gave:       100 Shillings
- Total cost of items:    30 Shillings
-------------------------------------
  Change to receive:      70 Shillings

Wow! The vendor should give Juma 70 Shillings back. Always remember to count your change to make sure it's correct!

Spending Wisely: Needs and Wants

It's important to use our money for the things that are most important first. We can divide these things into Needs and Wants.

• A Need is something you MUST have to live, like food, water, a place to live, and school books.
• A Want is something you would LIKE to have, but you can live without it, like a new toy, video games, or extra sweets.

Think About It!

Imagine you have 50 Shillings. You need a new pencil for school (a need), which costs 10 Shillings. You also see a colorful lollipop (a want), which costs 10 Shillings. Which one should you buy first? The pencil, of course! Your schoolwork is a priority. If you have money left over, you can then decide if you want to buy the lollipop.

You are a Money Master!

Congratulations! You have learned so much about our Kenyan money today. You can now:

• Recognize our coins and notes.
• Understand buying and selling.
• Add money to find a total cost.
• Subtract to calculate change.
• Think about the difference between needs and wants.

Habari Mwanafunzi! Let's Talk About Money!

Have you ever gone to the school canteen or the local duka (shop) with your parent? You see them give the shopkeeper some special papers and shiny circles, and in return, you get bread, milk, or maybe even a sweet mandazi! That special stuff is called Money, and today, we are going to become experts on it!

What is Money?

Money is what we use to buy things we need (like food and school books) and things we want (like toys and ice cream). In Kenya, our money is called the Kenyan Shilling. We write it as KSh.

Meet Our Kenyan Money!

Our money comes in two forms: coins and notes. Let's meet them!

1. Coins (The Shiny Circles)

Coins are made of metal and are great for buying small things like sweets or a pencil. We call our shillings 'bob', so you might hear someone say "10 bob" instead of "10 shillings".

• 1 Shilling Coin: The smallest one.
• 5 Shilling Coin: A bit bigger and can buy a sweet!
• 10 Shilling Coin: Two colours, silver and gold!
• 20 Shilling Coin: Also two colours and can buy you a small exercise book!

  +-----------------+
  |      .--.       |
  |     /    \      |   This is a coin.
  |    |  20  |     |   It's round and shiny!
  |     \    /      |
  |      '--'       |
  +-----------------+

Image Suggestion: A vibrant, close-up photo of a young Kenyan child's hand holding the four main Kenyan coins (1, 5, 10, and 20 shillings). The coins are shiny and clear against the child's palm. The background is slightly blurred but suggests a colourful market setting.

2. Notes (The Colourful Papers)

Notes are made of special paper and are used to buy bigger things. They have beautiful pictures of Kenyan wildlife on them!

• 50 Shilling Note: Green in colour, with a picture of a buffalo.
• 100 Shilling Note: Purple in colour, with a picture of a leopard.
• 200 Shilling Note: Blue in colour, with a picture of a rhino.

  /-----------------------\
  |                       |
  |   [[ KENYA ]]         |
  |     /\\_//\           |  This is a note.
  |    ( o . o )   100    |  It's like paper money!
  |     > ^ <             |
  |                       |
  \-----------------------/

Let's Go Shopping! (Time for Maths)

This is where the fun begins! We can use our maths skills to work with money.

Adding Money

Imagine your grandmother gives you a 10 shilling coin and your uncle gives you a 5 shilling coin. How much money do you have altogether?

We just need to add!

  10 shillings
+  5 shillings
--------------
  15 shillings
--------------

Wow! You have KSh 15. You can buy a tasty smokie pasua!

Spending Money and Getting Change

Now, let's go to the duka. You want to buy an exercise book that costs KSh 20. You give the shopkeeper a 50 shilling note.

A Shopping Story: Amina goes to Mama Boke's shop. "Habari Mama Boke! I would like one exercise book," she says politely. The book costs KSh 20. Amina hands over her green KSh 50 note. Mama Boke takes the money and gives the book to Amina, along with some coins. This leftover money is called change.

How much change should Amina get? We need to subtract!

  The money you have:   50 shillings
- The cost of the book: 20 shillings
-------------------------------------
  Your change:          30 shillings
-------------------------------------

Amina gets KSh 30 back. She can save it for another day!

Image Suggestion: A cheerful, storybook-style illustration of a young Kenyan girl with braided hair (Amina) at a small, colourful duka. She is smiling as she receives an exercise book and some coins from a friendly shopkeeper (Mama Boke) who is wearing a vibrant kitenge apron.

The Superpower of Saving!

What do you do with the change you get? You can save it! Saving means keeping your money safely so you can use it later to buy something bigger that you really want, like a football or a beautiful storybook.

You can save your money in a small box, a tin, or a piggy bank (we can call it a kibubu!).

       _
      / )
     / /
  (,(/)\)
  /   "'
 /_/~"~"
(~'~_~)
 `"`"`

Every coin you add makes your savings grow. That is a very smart thing to do!

You are a Money Master!

Well done! Today you have learned:

• What money is and why we use it.
• How to recognise our Kenyan coins and notes.
• How to add money together.
• How to buy something and get the correct change.
• The importance of saving!

Keep practising with money at home with your parents. Soon, you will be a true money expert! Hongera! (Congratulations!)

Habari Mwanafunzi! Let's Talk About Pesa!

Imagine you are walking home from school and you feel a little hungry. You pass by Mama Njoroge's duka (shop) and you see some yummy-looking mandazis. You want to buy one! But, what do you need to give Mama Njoroge in exchange for the mandazi?

That's right! You need MONEY!

Today, we are going on an exciting adventure to learn all about Kenyan money, how to count it, and how to use it. By the end of our lesson, you will be a money expert! Are you ready? Let's begin!

What is Money? (Pesa ni Nini?)

Money is what we use to buy things we need (like food, books, and clothes) and things we want (like toys, sweets, and storybooks). In our beautiful country, Kenya, our money is called the Kenyan Shilling.

We write it using the symbol Ksh. So, if something costs ten shillings, we write it as Ksh 10.

    Ksh  ->  This means Kenyan Shilling
    10   ->  This is the amount
    
    So, Ksh 10 means Ten Kenyan Shillings.

Let's Meet Our Kenyan Money! (Tujue Pesa Zetu)

Our money comes in two forms: coins (sarafu) and notes (noti). Let's meet them!

1. Coins (Sarafu)

Coins are the small, shiny metal pieces of money. They are great for buying small things like a sweet or an eraser.

    ASCII Art: A Kenyan Coin
    
      ***************
    **               **
   *      KENYA      *
  *         10         *
 *       SHILLINGS      *
  *                  *
   *      2018       *
    **               **
      ***************

• 1 Shilling Coin: Often has a picture of a giraffe.
• 5 Shillings Coin: Has a picture of a rhino.
• 10 Shillings Coin: Has a picture of a lion.
• 20 Shillings Coin: Has a picture of an elephant.

Image Suggestion: A vibrant, high-quality photograph showing the front and back of the four main Kenyan coins (1, 5, 10, and 20 shillings) arranged neatly on a wooden table. The lighting is bright and clear to show the details of the animals.

2. Notes (Noti)

Notes are the paper money we use. They are used for buying bigger things. Each note has a different colour and features one of Kenya's "Big Five" animals!

• Ksh 50: Green colour, featuring a Buffalo.
• Ksh 100: Purple colour, featuring a Leopard.
• Ksh 200: Blue colour, featuring a Rhino.
• Ksh 500: Brown colour, featuring a Lion.
• Ksh 1000: Orange/Brown colour, featuring an Elephant.

Image Suggestion: A colourful and clear digital illustration of the five main Kenyan shilling notes (50, 100, 200, 500, 1000) spread out like a fan. Each note should clearly show the animal and the Kenyatta International Convention Centre (KICC). The style is friendly and educational for a child.

Let's Do Some Shopping! (Twende Soko!)

Now that we know our money, let's learn how to use it. This is where our Mathematical Activities skills come in handy!

Adding Money to Find the Total Cost

When you buy more than one item, you need to add their prices together to find the total cost.

Scenario: Aisha goes to the bookshop. She wants to buy a pencil that costs Ksh 10 and an eraser that costs Ksh 5. How much money does she need in total?

We need to add the cost of the pencil and the eraser.

    Step 1: Write down the cost of each item.
    Cost of pencil  = Ksh 10
    Cost of eraser  = Ksh  5

    Step 2: Add them together.
      10
    +  5
    ----
      15
    ----

    Answer: Aisha needs a total of Ksh 15.

Subtracting Money to Find Change

What if you give the shopkeeper more money than the total cost? You get money back! This is called change (chenji).

Scenario: Juma buys a mandazi for Ksh 15. He gives the shopkeeper a Ksh 20 coin. How much change should Juma get back?

To find the change, we subtract the cost of the item from the money you gave.

    Step 1: Write down the money Juma gave.
    Money given = Ksh 20

    Step 2: Write down the cost of the mandazi.
    Cost of mandazi = Ksh 15

    Step 3: Subtract the cost from the money given.
      20
    - 15
    ----
       5
    ----

    Answer: Juma should get Ksh 5 back as change.

Image Suggestion: A friendly cartoon illustration of a Kenyan child at a school 'duka' (tuck shop). The child is handing a 20 shilling coin to a smiling shopkeeper, who is handing back a 5 shilling coin and a mandazi. The prices of items like 'Samosa - Ksh 20' and 'Juice - Ksh 30' are visible on a board in the background.

Challenge Yourself! A Fun Activity

Here is a price list from a fruit vendor at the market. You have Ksh 50. What can you buy?

• Banana: Ksh 10
• Orange: Ksh 15
• Mango: Ksh 30
• Apple: Ksh 25

Question 1: Can you buy one Mango and one Banana? How much will it cost?

Question 2: If you buy one Apple, how much change will you get from your Ksh 50?

Try to work it out in your exercise book. You can do it!

Hongera! (Congratulations!)

You have done an amazing job today! We have learned:

• What money is and why we use it.
• To identify Kenyan coins and notes.
• How to add money to find the total cost of items.
• How to subtract to calculate change.

Remember, being able to use money wisely is a very important skill. Keep practising every time you go to the duka with your parents. You are now a money master in the making!