Grade 1
Course ContentNumber Concepts (1-100)
Jambo, Mwanafunzi Hodari! (Hello, Clever Student!)
Today, we are going on an exciting safari... a Number Safari! We will travel all the way from the small number 1 to the big, amazing number 100. It's a journey full of fun, counting, and discovery. Are you ready? Weka Kiatu! Let's go!
Step 1: Warming Up with Our Favourites (Numbers 1-10)
We already know these friendly numbers. Let's count the cows we might see on our way to school. One, two, three... all the way to ten!
(__) (__) (__) (__) (__)
(oo) (oo) (oo) (oo) (oo)
/------\\/ /------\\/ /------\\/ /------\\/ /------\\/
/ | || / | || / | || / | || / | ||
* ||----|| * ||----|| * ||----|| * ||----|| * ||----||
~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~
1 2 3 4 5
(__) (__) (__) (__) (__)
(oo) (oo) (oo) (oo) (oo)
/------\\/ /------\\/ /------\\/ /------\\/ /------\\/
/ | || / | || / | || / | || / | ||
* ||----|| * ||----|| * ||----|| * ||----|| * ||----||
~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~ ~~
6 7 8 9 10
Excellent! Counting to ten is the first big step on our safari!
Step 2: The "Teen" Numbers - A Bundle and Some More! (11-19)
What happens after 10? We meet the 'teen' numbers! The easiest way to think about them is having one full bundle of 10, and a few extra ones.
Imagine you have a 10 shilling coin, and your Guka gives you 4 more one-shilling coins to buy a mandazi. How much money do you have?
Let's count it!
10 Shillings (the coin)
+ 4 Shillings (the extra coins)
--------------------
= 13 Shillings (Thirteen!)
So, the number 13 is just 1 ten and 3 ones. See? All the 'teen' numbers work like this!
Step 3: Jumping with Tens! (10, 20, 30... 100)
Counting in tens is like taking big, fast jumps! Imagine we are bundling sticks for a fire. Each bundle has 10 sticks.
- 1 bundle is 10 sticks (Ten)
- 2 bundles is 20 sticks (Twenty)
- 3 bundles is 30 sticks (Thirty)
- 4 bundles is 40 sticks (Forty)
- 5 bundles is 50 sticks (Fifty)
- ...and so on all the way to 10 bundles, which is 100! (One Hundred)
|||||||||| |||||||||| ||||||||||
(Bundle 1) (Bundle 2) (Bundle 3)
10 20 30
Image Suggestion: A vibrant, colourful illustration of a Kenyan child at a market stall, arranging bundles of 10 long green sukuma wiki (kales). The child is smiling proudly. The style should be cheerful and cartoonish, suitable for a young learner.
Step 4: Putting It All Together - Tens and Ones
Now for the magic! Almost every number up to 99 is just a mix of Tens and Ones. This is called Place Value. Let's look at the number 36.
The number 36 tells us we have:
- 3 bundles of ten.
- 6 single ones.
We can see this in a simple chart:
+------+------+
| Tens | Ones |
+------+------+
| 3 | 6 |
+------+------+
So, when you see a number like 58, you can say, "Aha! That is 5 Tens and 8 Ones!"
Step 5: The Grand Finale - The Amazing Number 100!
You have counted and jumped and bundled your way through the safari. After 99 comes the big boss, the chief of numbers... 100 (One Hundred)!
What is 100? It is simply 10 full bundles of ten. It's also the number on that special blue note!
Image Suggestion: A close-up shot of a smiling Kenyan child's hand proudly holding up a crisp 100 Kenyan Shilling note, with the image of Kenyatta International Convention Centre clearly visible. The background is slightly blurred.
Zoezi Time! (Activity Time!)
You have learned so much! Let's play a quick game to see how much you remember.
1. How many are there?
- 2 bundles of ten and 5 single sticks = ?
- 7 bundles of ten and 1 single stick = ?
- 4 bundles of ten and 9 single sticks = ?
2. Break the Number!
Tell me how many Tens and Ones are in these numbers:
Number: 28
Tens: 2
Ones: 8
Number: 63
Tens: ?
Ones: ?
Number: 94
Tens: ?
Ones: ?
Hongera! (Congratulations!)
You are a true number explorer! You have successfully travelled from 1 all the way to 100. You learned about ones, tens, and how they work together. Keep practicing by counting things around you—the cars in a traffic jam, the birds in the sky, or the seats in a matatu. You are a math superstar in the making!
Habari, Mwanafunzi Mwerevu! (Hello, Smart Student!)
Welcome to our amazing number safari! Today, we are going on an adventure to explore the exciting world of numbers all the way from 1 to 100. Numbers are everywhere around us in beautiful Kenya. We see them on matatus, on the shillings in our pockets, and even when we count the mangoes on a tree. Let's get ready to become number experts!
Counting Like a Champion! (1-100)
The first step on our safari is learning to count. We can count forwards, just like a cheetah running fast! Let's count all the way to 100. Look at this chart. It's our map for the number safari!
Example: Imagine you are at a busy bus stage in Nairobi. You can count the matatus as they leave. 1, 2, 3, 4... all the way until 20 matatus have gone! You are counting!
+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 |
+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+
| 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 |
+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+
| 21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30 |
+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+
| ...and so on all the way to 100! |
+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+----+
Image Suggestion: [A colourful, vibrant chart showing numbers 1 to 100. Each number is in a bright square. The background has faint, happy illustrations of Kenyan animals like a giraffe, zebra, and a lion cub peeking from the sides. Style: Cheerful and friendly cartoon for children.]
The Secret Code of Numbers: Tens and Ones!
Every number bigger than 9 has a secret code. It's made of Tens and Ones. Think of it like this: a Ten is a bundle of 10 sticks. An One is a single, loose stick.
Let's look at the number 34.
ASCII Diagram: Bundles of Sticks
Number: 34
Tens (Bundles of 10):
|||||||||| |||||||||| |||||||||| -> 3 Bundles = 3 Tens (or 30)
Ones (Single sticks):
| | | | -> 4 single sticks = 4 Ones
So, 34 is 3 Tens and 4 Ones!
Example: Let's use money! Imagine you have 47 shillings. That is four 10-shilling coins and seven 1-shilling coins.
- The four 10-shilling coins are your TENS.
- The seven 1-shilling coins are your ONES.
The Hungry Crocodile Game: Comparing Numbers
Have you ever seen a crocodile? It has a BIG mouth and is always hungry! In math, our crocodile always wants to eat the bigger number. We use special signs that look like its mouth: > (greater than) and < (less than). If the numbers are the same, we use the = (equals) sign.
ASCII Art: The Hungry Crocodile Mouth
/
<-- \ This mouth is opening towards the bigger number!
/
Let's see it in action:
Step-by-step Comparison:
Which is bigger, 58 or 29?
1. Look at the Tens place first.
58 has 5 Tens.
29 has 2 Tens.
2. Since 5 is bigger than 2, the crocodile eats 58!
58 > 29 (We read this as "58 is greater than 29")
What about 12 and 19?
1. Look at the Tens. Both have 1 Ten. They are the same!
2. Now, look at the Ones. 12 has 2 Ones. 19 has 9 Ones.
3. 9 is bigger than 2, so the crocodile eats 19!
12 < 19 (We read this as "12 is less than 19")
Lining Up Our Numbers: Ordering
Just like pupils lining up for assembly from the shortest to the tallest, we can line up our numbers!
- Smallest to Largest (Ascending): Starting with the smallest number and going up.
- Largest to Smallest (Descending): Starting with the biggest number and going down.
Image Suggestion: [A fun cartoon illustration of five Kenyan children holding number cards. They are arranging themselves in a line on a playground from the smallest number to the largest. The numbers are 18, 25, 44, 67, 81. The background is a sunny school compound with an acacia tree.]
Let's try to order these numbers from smallest to largest: 62, 15, 80, 43
1. Find the smallest number. Look at the Tens. 15 has only 1 Ten. It's the smallest.
Our line starts: 15
2. What's next? Look at the other numbers: 62, 80, 43.
43 has 4 Tens. It comes next.
Our line is now: 15, 43
3. Next is 62 (6 Tens).
Our line is now: 15, 43, 62
4. The biggest is 80 (8 Tens).
Our final, perfect line is: 15, 43, 62, 80
Hop, Skip, and Jump! (Skip Counting)
This is a super fun and fast way to count! Instead of counting by 1, we can jump by 2s, 5s, or 10s.
- Counting in 2s: Perfect for counting pairs of shoes! 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12...
- Counting in 5s: Like counting all the fingers on our hands! 5, 10, 15, 20, 25...
- Counting in 10s: Easy for counting 10-shilling coins! 10, 20, 30, 40, 50...
Diagram: A Number Line Jump for Counting in 10s
0----10----20----30----40----50 ... 100
\__/ \__/ \__/ \__/ \__/
Jump! Jump! Jump! Jump! Jump!
Your Turn, Shujaa! (Hero!)
Now it's your turn to be a math hero! Try these activities:
- Write down the number that has 7 Tens and 3 Ones.
- Use the correct sign ( >, <, or = ): 81 ___ 18
- Count in 5s from 20 to 40.
- Arrange these numbers from largest to smallest: 22, 95, 59.
You Are a Number Master!
Wow! What a fantastic safari! You have learned how to count, understand tens and ones, compare, and order numbers all the way to 100. You are a true number shujaa! Keep practicing every day, and soon you'll be able to solve any number puzzle that comes your way. Hongera! (Congratulations!)
Jambo, Number Explorer!
Habari yako? Welcome to a super fun adventure into the world of numbers! Numbers are all around us. How many matatus did you see on the way to school? How many mandazi can you eat? Today, we will learn to be champions of numbers all the way from 1 to 100!
Let's imagine you have a jar of colourful beads. Counting them helps us know how many we have. Let's learn to count them all, even if there are 100!
Counting is as Easy as 1, 2, 3!
Counting is the first step to becoming a math superstar. We can count forwards, like a rocket launching into space, and backwards, like a rocket landing back home.
Let's try counting in groups of ten. Look at this chart. Can you say the numbers out loud with me?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
Well done! Now, let's try counting backwards from 20. Ready? 20, 19, 18... all the way to 1! You are doing great!
Image Suggestion: [A vibrant, colourful illustration of three happy Kenyan school children in uniform, sitting on a woven mat and counting a pile of brightly coloured bottle caps. The background is a simple, sunny schoolyard with an acacia tree.]
Meet the Superheroes: Tens and Ones!
Every number bigger than 9 is made of two parts: Tens and Ones. Think of it like this: on your shamba (farm), you can have single maize stalks (Ones) and you can also group them into bundles of ten (Tens). A bundle is much easier to carry!
- Ones are the single numbers, from 0 to 9.
- Tens are groups of 10.
Let's look at the number 47. How many bundles of ten and how many single stalks do we have?
The Number: 47
+-------------+-----------+
| TENS | ONES |
| (Bundles) | (Singles) |
+-------------+-----------+
| 4 | 7 |
+-------------+-----------+
This means: 4 Tens + 7 Ones
40 + 7 = 47
So, 47 is like having 4 bundles of ten maize stalks and 7 single stalks. Easy, right?
Image Suggestion: [A friendly Kenyan teacher in a classroom, pointing to a blackboard. On the blackboard is a drawing of 4 bundles of 10 sticks tied with a string, and 7 individual sticks next to them. The number '47' is written clearly above the drawing.]
Who is Bigger? Let's Compare!
Imagine a very hungry crocodile! This crocodile always wants to eat the bigger number. Its mouth always opens towards the larger meal!
The crocodile's mouth looks like these signs:
> (Greater than)
< (Less than)
= (Equal to - when numbers are the same)
If you have 25 shillings and your friend has 15 shillings, who has more? The crocodile wants to eat the 25 shillings!
25 > 15
(25 is greater than 15)
10 < 50
(10 is less than 50)
30 = 30
(30 is equal to 30)
Story Time!Amina has 12 mangoes and Juma has 18 mangoes. Whose basket will the hungry crocodile visit? Juma's, of course! Because 18 > 12.
Let's Get in Line! Ordering Numbers
Ordering numbers is like asking pupils to line up from the shortest to the tallest! We can arrange numbers from the smallest to the biggest (ascending) or from the biggest to the smallest (descending).
Let's arrange these numbers from smallest to biggest: 34, 12, 88, 50
Step 1: Find the smallest number. It's 12.
Step 2: Find the next smallest. It's 34.
Step 3: Keep going! Next is 50.
Step 4: The biggest is last. It's 88.
Answer: 12, 34, 50, 88
You did it! That's called ascending order.
Jump, Skip, and Count!
Did you know you can count by jumping over numbers? It's called skip counting and it's very fast!
- Counting by 2s: Think of counting pairs of shoes! 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12...
- Counting by 5s: Think of counting the fingers on one hand! 5, 10, 15, 20, 25...
- Counting by 10s: Think of counting all your fingers and thumbs! 10, 20, 30, 40, 50... up to 100!
Let's see the jumps for counting by 10s on a number line:
0 ---> 10 ---> 20 ---> 30 ---> 40 ---> ... 100
(+10) (+10) (+10) (+10)
Image Suggestion: [A joyful, dynamic illustration of Kenyan children playing outside. A large number line is drawn with chalk on the ground. One child is in mid-air, joyfully jumping from the number '10' to '20' while others cheer.]
You are a Number Champion!
Wow! Look at everything you have learned today. You are becoming a true mathematics expert! Remember:
- You can count all the way to 100 and even backwards.
- You understand that numbers are made of Tens and Ones.
- You can use the hungry crocodile (> and <) to compare numbers.
- You can put numbers in the correct order.
- You can skip count by 2s, 5s, and 10s to count faster!
Keep practicing every day. Count the cars you see, the birds in the sky, or the coins in your pocket. The more you practice, the easier it gets. Hongera! (Congratulations!)
Pro Tip
Take your own short notes while going through the topics.
